Know more

About cookies

What is a "cookie"?

A "cookie" is a piece of information, usually small and identified by a name, which may be sent to your browser by a website you are visiting. Your web browser will store it for a period of time, and send it back to the web server each time you log on again.

Different types of cookies are placed on the sites:

  • Cookies strictly necessary for the proper functioning of the site
  • Cookies deposited by third party sites to improve the interactivity of the site, to collect statistics

Learn more about cookies and how they work

The different types of cookies used on this site

Cookies strictly necessary for the site to function

These cookies allow the main services of the site to function optimally. You can technically block them using your browser settings but your experience on the site may be degraded.

Furthermore, you have the possibility of opposing the use of audience measurement tracers strictly necessary for the functioning and current administration of the website in the cookie management window accessible via the link located in the footer of the site.

Technical cookies

Name of the cookie

Purpose

Shelf life

CAS and PHP session cookies

Login credentials, session security

Session

Tarteaucitron

Saving your cookie consent choices

12 months

Audience measurement cookies (AT Internet)

Name of the cookie

Purpose

Shelf life

atid

Trace the visitor's route in order to establish visit statistics.

13 months

atuserid

Store the anonymous ID of the visitor who starts the first time he visits the site

13 months

atidvisitor

Identify the numbers (unique identifiers of a site) seen by the visitor and store the visitor's identifiers.

13 months

About the AT Internet audience measurement tool :

AT Internet's audience measurement tool Analytics is deployed on this site in order to obtain information on visitors' navigation and to improve its use.

The French data protection authority (CNIL) has granted an exemption to AT Internet's Web Analytics cookie. This tool is thus exempt from the collection of the Internet user's consent with regard to the deposit of analytics cookies. However, you can refuse the deposit of these cookies via the cookie management panel.

Good to know:

  • The data collected are not cross-checked with other processing operations
  • The deposited cookie is only used to produce anonymous statistics
  • The cookie does not allow the user's navigation on other sites to be tracked.

Third party cookies to improve the interactivity of the site

This site relies on certain services provided by third parties which allow :

  • to offer interactive content;
  • improve usability and facilitate the sharing of content on social networks;
  • view videos and animated presentations directly on our website;
  • protect form entries from robots;
  • monitor the performance of the site.

These third parties will collect and use your browsing data for their own purposes.

How to accept or reject cookies

When you start browsing an eZpublish site, the appearance of the "cookies" banner allows you to accept or refuse all the cookies we use. This banner will be displayed as long as you have not made a choice, even if you are browsing on another page of the site.

You can change your choices at any time by clicking on the "Cookie Management" link.

You can manage these cookies in your browser. Here are the procedures to follow: Firefox; Chrome; Explorer; Safari; Opera

For more information about the cookies we use, you can contact INRAE's Data Protection Officer by email at cil-dpo@inrae.fr or by post at :

INRAE

24, chemin de Borde Rouge -Auzeville - CS52627 31326 Castanet Tolosan cedex - France

Last update: May 2021

Menu Logo Principal Logo UCA

Home page

Biosensors

Biosensors for tree water status

The Water for agricultural purposes becomes a more expensive rarity. It is high necessary for agriculture to find new environment friendly irrigation techniques. At PIAF, biosensors for plant water status are being developed. The purpose is to fit water supply to tree real water requirements. It is the tree itself which directly guides (drives) its irrigation. Tests in orchards have shown that biosensor use allows a 30% irrigation water amount reducing, together with fruit production quality increasing.

Sap flow

 

Sensor installation
Sap flow sensor

 

This sensor measures the ascending sap amount which passes through the trunk. This water amount is drawn by the roots from the soil and evaporates at leaf level. So this sensor allows to measure the water which is consumed by a tree in a day, meaning also the exact water quantity to let into soil in order to balance the transpired water.

 

Ascending sap flow evolution in 10 days, on an irrigated tree and on a tree in drought conditions.

sap flow evolution in 10 days
system

Diameter variation

(INRA patent : PEPISTA)

sensor for the tree bark daily micro- deforming

 

This sensor measures the tree bark daily micro- deforming (on a micron scale!). The bark dehydrates and tenses when the tree transpires or is subjected to water stress. The amplitude of this contraction is an tree water status indicator. It is actually the most used sensor for guiding tree irrigation in orchards.

 

Bark micro-deforming evolution on an irrigated tree and on a tree in drought conditions.

Bark micro-deforming evolution : irrigated tree and tree in drought conditions.

 

 

Acoustic Drought Stress Monitor (AEs)

sensor for the ultrasonic emissions

 

The water stress can lead to the sap column breaking inside the wood conducting vessels and cause a gaseous embolism.. This sensor detects the ultrasonic emissions, emitted in case of water column breaking. It allows to defining the water stress threshold which must not be overrun in case of drought.

 

The daily evolution of acoustical emission number of irrigated or in dryness condition trees.

 

Daily evolution of acoustical emission number of irrigated or in dryness condition trees

 

 

Tél : 04 43 76 14 01

        04 43 76 14 09

Fax : 04 43 76 14 10

Thierry.Ameglio@clermont.inrae.fr

Herve.Cochard@clermont.inrae.fr

Logo piaf 2022

Copyright © 2009, INRA, All rights reserved